I was unable to post yesterday as I was playing in the Roslyn Park 7s Tournament and will only be able to post briefly today as I am very busy preparing route cards etc for my D of E Expedition next week so apologises for that!
Three-person IVF features in the news this week as it has done before, in fact it was something I posted about in September 2012.
The time has come round for the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority to advise ministers and report on the public consultation they carried out looking into techniques to try and prevent serious and often fatal mitochondrial diseases.
As well as the potential moral and ethical issues surrounding the treatment that I mentioned before one potential problem is that eggs with abnormal mitochondria may have other unknown problems in their nucleus.
If you want to find out more refer to this BBC health article!
Wednesday 20 March 2013
Tuesday 12 March 2013
fMRI - A more balanced perspective
In November 2012 BBC Panorama showed a research team using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to detect hidden awareness amongst patients who may be deemed vegetative by observational assessments. This is something I consequently wrote about here.
The programme claimed 20% of patients in a vegetative state show cognitive responses to fMRI however this isn’t strictly true. In addition, around one in five normal volunteers cannot generate fMRI activity on motor imagery tasks so negative results in patients do not necessarily indicate a lack of awareness.
One thing which wasn’t stressed in the programme was the important difference between patients in a ‘vegetative state’ and those who are ‘minimally conscious’. ‘Patients in a vegetative state have no discernible awareness of self and no cognitive interaction with their environment.’ Whereas patients in a minimally conscious state ‘show evidence of interaction through localising or discriminating behaviours although these interactions occur inconsistently.’
The two patients shown in the programme responding to the fMRI techniques may have been minimally conscious rather than vegetative. The reason for this being that one of the patients was filmed responding to a question from his mother by raising his thumb and the other seemed to turn his head purposefully in response to having his earphones put on.
More than 40% of patients in a minimally conscious state are misdiagnosed initially as being in a vegetative state. Currently in the UK the Wessex Head Injury Matrix (WHIM) and the sensory modality rehabilitation assessment technique (SMART) are used to assess disorders of consciousness.
So again, to finish I ask the same question; In the future will scans such as the one using fMRI be used in addition to observational assessments to decide if someone is in a vegetative state?
The possibility that fMRI might open up potential avenues of interaction with patients with these conditions still exists and the findings are still important however the way in which the tests should be delivered and interpreting the findings still needs to be determined and may not be as significant as originally thought.
Source: Student BMJ
The programme claimed 20% of patients in a vegetative state show cognitive responses to fMRI however this isn’t strictly true. In addition, around one in five normal volunteers cannot generate fMRI activity on motor imagery tasks so negative results in patients do not necessarily indicate a lack of awareness.
One thing which wasn’t stressed in the programme was the important difference between patients in a ‘vegetative state’ and those who are ‘minimally conscious’. ‘Patients in a vegetative state have no discernible awareness of self and no cognitive interaction with their environment.’ Whereas patients in a minimally conscious state ‘show evidence of interaction through localising or discriminating behaviours although these interactions occur inconsistently.’
The two patients shown in the programme responding to the fMRI techniques may have been minimally conscious rather than vegetative. The reason for this being that one of the patients was filmed responding to a question from his mother by raising his thumb and the other seemed to turn his head purposefully in response to having his earphones put on.
More than 40% of patients in a minimally conscious state are misdiagnosed initially as being in a vegetative state. Currently in the UK the Wessex Head Injury Matrix (WHIM) and the sensory modality rehabilitation assessment technique (SMART) are used to assess disorders of consciousness.
So again, to finish I ask the same question; In the future will scans such as the one using fMRI be used in addition to observational assessments to decide if someone is in a vegetative state?
The possibility that fMRI might open up potential avenues of interaction with patients with these conditions still exists and the findings are still important however the way in which the tests should be delivered and interpreting the findings still needs to be determined and may not be as significant as originally thought.
Source: Student BMJ
Tuesday 5 March 2013
'UK lagging in Europe health league'
A very short post this week as I have masses of work to be doing this week, as well as dealing with the stress surrounding the upcoming January module results! However I thought it was better to post something rather than nothing. On that note, good luck to anyone collecting results on Thursday...
A study recently published in the Lancet suggests that the UK is worse off on many indicators of poor health when compared to other countries, the full article describing the study can be found here on BBC Health.
The Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt feels '30,000 lives a year could be saved if England performed as well as its European neighbours' and the focus should be on the 'big five avoidable killers'. These diseases are cancer, stroke, heart, respiratory and liver disease.
The majority of which link closely to the risk factors associated with lifestyle that appear in the news far too often, tobacco smoke (including second-hand smoke), obesity, inactivity, alcohol consumption and an unhealthy diet.
Its difficult to say what can be done, because if it were simple it would have been done already! One suggestion is that people pay closer attention to their health and make regular health checks in order to spot diseases earlier.
However ultimately I feel it the responsibility of everyone to try and achieve better health. Although this starts with individuals themselves help should come from government (both central and local), charities and employers for example and it must be remembered that certain individuals may need more help than others to either stay healthy or deal with ill health if it arises.
A study recently published in the Lancet suggests that the UK is worse off on many indicators of poor health when compared to other countries, the full article describing the study can be found here on BBC Health.
The Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt feels '30,000 lives a year could be saved if England performed as well as its European neighbours' and the focus should be on the 'big five avoidable killers'. These diseases are cancer, stroke, heart, respiratory and liver disease.
The majority of which link closely to the risk factors associated with lifestyle that appear in the news far too often, tobacco smoke (including second-hand smoke), obesity, inactivity, alcohol consumption and an unhealthy diet.
Its difficult to say what can be done, because if it were simple it would have been done already! One suggestion is that people pay closer attention to their health and make regular health checks in order to spot diseases earlier.
However ultimately I feel it the responsibility of everyone to try and achieve better health. Although this starts with individuals themselves help should come from government (both central and local), charities and employers for example and it must be remembered that certain individuals may need more help than others to either stay healthy or deal with ill health if it arises.
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